Answer to Question #1905 in Astronomy | Astrophysics for nirmala

Question #1905
Obtain an expression for the time period of a satellite orbiting the earth. At what altitude should a satellite be placed for its orbit to be geosynchronous?
1
Expert's answer
2011-06-22T09:57:24-0400
When satellite is moving over Earth with circular orbit of radius r, the gravitation force treating it is
GmM/r2, where G - gravity constant, m - satellite mass, M - Earth mass.
Due to second Newton's Law gravitation force = centripetal force mv2/r.
Hence we obtain the expression for the velocity of satellite:
v=(G M/r)1/2
Period Tсп = circumference of the orbit, 2π r, divided by the satellite velocity v:

Tсп=2π r/v=2π (r3/GM)1/2

A geosynchronous orbit (sometimes abbreviated GSO) is an orbit around the Earth with an orbital period that matches the Earth's sidereal rotation period.The synchronization of rotation and orbital period means that for an observer on the surface of the Earth, the satellite appears to constantly hover over the same meridian (north-south line) on the surface, moving in a slow oscillation alternately north and south with a period of one day, so it returns to exactly the same place in the sky at exactly the same time each day

Earth's sidereal rotation period = 23 hours 56 min 4.1 s=86164.1 s

Altitude H=(T*R*√(G)/2π)2/3 - R
where R-Earth radius, R=6370 km

H=35 786km

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