"~" in C++ is bitwise operation NOT. Thebitwise NOT, or complement, is an unary operation that performs logical negation on each bit, forming the ones' complement of the given binary value. Bits that are 0 become 1, and those that are 1 become 0. The bitwisecomplement is equal to the two's complement of the value minus one. If two's complement arithmetic is used, then ~x = - x - 1. In your case a = a - ~b - 1 = a - (-b + 1) - 1 = a + b;
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