Answer to Question #9654 in Mechanics | Relativity for kapil

Question

state the relation between mass and inertia.

Answer 1

The inertial mass of an object determines its acceleration in the presence of an applied force. According to Newton's second law of motion, if a body of fixed mass M is subjected to a force F, its acceleration α is given by F/M. A body's mass also determines the degree to which it generates or is affected by
agravitational field. If a first body of mass M_A is placed at a distance r from a second body of mass M_B, each body experiences an attractive force F_G whose magnitude is F_G =GM_AM_B/r², where G is the universal constant of gravitation, equal to 6.67×10^−11 N·m²·kg^−2. This is sometimes referred to as gravitational mass.^{[note 1]} Repeated experiments since the 17th century have demonstrated that inertial and
gravitational mass are equivalent; since 1915, this observation has been
entailed a priori in the equivalence principle of general relativity.