Answer to Question #282201 in Civil and Environmental Engineering for sly

Question

1. Name atleast two major environmental problems we are facing in our country as of present. As a future engineer, what are the possible recommendations you cn provide to mitigate these problems?

2. list atleast 3 aspects of natural world that environmental engineers should work to care for or restore, then provide a brief description and discussion for each aspect.

Answer 1

a. There are many major environmental issues which is currently faced by our planet. All these problems are interconnected to each other. Two of the major environmental problems are named below:

1. Climate change

2. Contaminated water

Climate change is caused due to accelerated global warming and rising CO₂ is a major issue which is hazardous to all living beings. To mitigate this, alternatives of CO₂ producing sources must be used such as electric vehicles. More sustainable and renewable source of energy must be used. All development related to construction must follow green building rules. 

Contaminated water is another major issue which caused due to disposal of waste from factories, industries, landfills etc. As we know that out of total water present on earth only 0.3% of water is consumables by humans. Increased exploitation of water will lead to water scarcity and it will also increase the amount of disease caused due to contaminated water. To mitigate this direct disposal of contaminated water to streams must be prohibited as well as before releasing contaminated water into streams it should be treated. Disposal of garbage into oceans and other major water bodies must be stopped and landfills must be either sealed properly or it should be incinerated at regular interval. 

b. 3 aspects of natural world that environmental engineers should work to care for or restore are discussed below:

1. Air quality: As discussed above rising CO₂ concentration is causing major climatic problems as well as it is hazardous to plants, animals and human beings. Poor air quality leads to problems like global warming, smog, acid rain etc.

2. Water quality: Water quality is another major issue that need to be addressed as the amount of fresh water present for human consumption is only about 0.3%. Contaminated water cannot be used for essential puposes like agriculture, drinking etc. It leads to diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid and poliomyelitis.

3. Land quality: Poor land quality causes problems like land degradation, drought, aridity, loss of arable land, flood, pollution etc. On a poor land agriculture also is not possible which can be root cause for further other problems.