Answer to Question #189420 in Chemistry for zoe sackitey

Question

State the biomolecular composition and function of the following cell components: Plasma membrane, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Cell wall, Mitochondria, Chloroplast.

Answer 1

The plasma membrane consists of phospholipids and proteins and provides a physical barrier, selective permeability, cell signalling, electrochemical gradient, etc.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membrane tubules in the cell cytoplasm. This organelle is covered with ribosomes and provides the synthesis of membrane-embedded or extracellular proteins.

The cell wall is composed of carbohydrates (i.e., cellulose) or peptidoglycans depending on the organism. The structure maintains the cell shape and protects it from environmental factors.

Mitochondria consist of two membranes and provide the metabolic transformation of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids and other metabolic compounds resulting in the production of ATP.

Chloroplasts consist of two membranes and provide the biochemical transformation associated with the process of photosynthesis.