Answer to Question #162356 in General Chemistry for Debbie o'donnell

Question

what is meant by a) sigma bonds b) pi bonds c) name a polar and a non-polar solvent and give an everyday use of each

Answer 1

a and b) Sigma and pi bonds are chemical covalent bonds. Sigma and pi bonds are formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals. Sigma bonds are formed by end-to-end overlapping and Pi bonds are when the lobe of one atomic orbital overlaps another. ... Generally sigma bonds are stronger than pi bonds.

c) Polar solvents have large dipole moments (aka “partial charges”); they contain bonds between atoms with very different electronegativities, such as oxygen and hydrogen. Non polar solvents contain bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities, such as carbon and hydrogen (think hydrocarbons, such as gasoline).