Answer to Question #325536 in Human Anatomy and Physiology for Jail

Question

List and indicate the functions of the major regions of the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellum. (20%- 5 marks for each region).

Answer 1

The major structures of hemispheres are frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes.

The frontal lobe controls skeletal movement, ocular movement, speech control, and the expression of emotions and purposeful mental action(reasoning and planning)

Parietal lobe is responsible for perception of somatosensory information and can be assessed as center of association.

Occipital lobe is responsible for perception of visual information.

Temporal lobe is responsible for processing of auditory and gustatory information and understanding of speech.

The diencephalon consists of two major parts:

• Thalamus: conduction of motor and sensory impulses between the higher centres of the brain and the peripheries.
• Hypothalamus : thermoregulation, osmoregulation and hormonal regulation, hunger and thirst, sexual behavior.

Brainstem: major center of innate reflexes(breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, heart rate)+ conduct impulses from spinal cord to higher centers and vice versa.

Cerebellum: control posture ,maintain balance, muscular memory and coordination.