Answer to Question #166899 in Biochemistry for Amos

Question

Using correct scientific terminology, evaluate the effects caused by the disruption of biological processes.Identify where the disruption of these biological molecules is intentional for human benefit

(a) Porphyria

(b) Lactose intolerance

Answer 1

(a) Porphyrias are rare genetic disorders that mainly affect the skin or nervous system. In humans, porphyrins are the main precursors of heme, an essential constituent of hemoglobin and other heme-containing proteins and enzymes. Deficiency in the enzymes of the porphyrin pathway leads to insufficient production of heme. Defects in these enzymes cause several forms of porphyria. For instance, the hepatic porphyrias lead to acute neurological attacks, while the erythropoietic forms are characterized by skin issues, including increased hair growth and a light-sensitive blistering rash.

(b) Lactose intolerance is a condition caused by a decreased ability to digest lactose and is caused by the lack of lactase in the small intestine. This enzyme provides the digestion of lactose in the intestine. The main symptom of lactose intolerance is an adverse reaction to products containing lactose, comprising abdominal bloating and cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Despite the symptoms, lactose intolerance does not impair the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract when dairy products are not consumed.