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{"ops":[{"insert":"A South African company has a wholly owned subsidiary, Puleng (Pvt) Ltd, that manufactures and sells\nprinters in the Botswana market. Puleng (Pvt) Ltd imports printer cartridges from B2B, which sells them\nfor R512 per unit. At the current exchange rate of R1.60 per Pula, each B2B printer cartridge costs\nP320. Puleng (Pvt) Ltd hires Botswana workers and sources all other inputs locally. Puleng (Pvt) Ltd\nfaces a 50% income tax rate in Botswana.\nExhibit 1 summarises projected operations for Puleng (Pvt) Ltd printers, assuming that the exchange\nrate will remain unchanged at R1.60 per Pula. The company expects to sell 50 000 units of printers per\nyear at a selling price of P1 000 per unit. The unit variable cost is P650, which comprises P320 for the\nimported unit and P330 for the locally sourced inputs. Needless to say, the Pula price of the imported\nunit will change as the exchange rate changes, which, in turn can affect the selling price in the Botswana\nmarket. Each year, Puleng (Pvt) Ltd incurs fixed overhead costs of P4 million for rents, property taxes,\nand the like, regardless of output level. As Exhibit 1 shows, the projected cash flow is P7 250 000 per\nyear, which is equivalent to R11 600 000 at the current exchange rate of R1.60 per pound.\nExhibit 1 Projected Operations of Puleng (Pvt) Ltd Benchmark Case: (R1.60\/P)\nSales (50 000 units at P1 000\/unit) P50 000 000\nVariable Costs (50 000 units at P650\/unit) 32 500 000\nFixed Overhead costs 4 000 000\nDepreciation allowances 1 000 000\n_________\nNet Profit Before Tax P12 500 000\nIncome Tax (at 50%) 6 250 000\nProfit after Tax 6 250 000\nAdd back depreciation 1 000 000\n_________\nOperating cash flows R 7 250 000\nOperating cash flows P 11 600 000\nExhibit 2 Projected Operations of Puleng (Pvt) Ltd (R1.40\/P)\nSales (40 000 units at P1 080\/unit) P43 200 000\nVariable Costs (40 000 units at P722\/unit) 28 880 000\nFixed Overhead costs 4 000 000\nDepreciation allowances 1 000 000\n_________\nNet Profit Before Tax P9 320 000\nIncome Tax (at 50%) 4 660 000\nProfit after Tax 4 660 000\nAdd back depreciation 1 000 000\n_________\nOperating cash flows R 5 660 000\nOperating cash flows P 7 924 000\nCONFIDENTIAL FIN4802\nPage 14 of 20 January\/February 2021 (Non Venue Based)\nExhibit 3 Summary of Operating exposure Effect of Pula depreciation on Puleng (Pvt) Ltd\nVariables Benchmark Case Case 1 Case 2 Case 3\nExchange Rate (R\/P) 1.60 1.40 1.40 1.40\nUnit Variable cost (P) 650 696 696 722\nUnit Sales Price (P) 1 000 1,000 1 143 1 080\nSales Volume (units) 50 000 50 000 50 000 40 000\nAnnual Cash flow (R) 7 250 000 6 100 000 9 675 000 5 660 000\nAnnual cash flow (P) 11 600 000 8 540 000 13 545 000 7 924 000\n4 \u2013year present value (R)a 33 118 000 24 382 000 38 671 000 22 623 000\nOperating gains\/loss (R)b -8 736 000 5 553 000 -10 495 000\na- The discounted present value of rand cash flows was computed over a four-year period using a 15% discount rate. A constant\ncash flow is assumed for each of four years.\nb- Operating gains or losses represent the present value of change in cash flows, which is due to Pula depreciation, from the\nbenchmark case.\nExhibit 3 summarises the projected operating exposure effect of the Pula depreciation on Puleng (Pvt)\nLtd. For expositional purposes it is assumed here that a change in exchange rate will have effect on the\nfirm\u2019s operating cash flow for four years. Exhibit 3 provides, among other things, the four-year present\nvalues of operating cash flows (over a four-year period) for the benchmark case that are due to the\nexchange rate change. In Exhibit 2, for instance, the firm expects to experience an operating loss of\nR10 495 000 due to the Pula depreciation.\nConsider Exhibit 2 of Puleng (Pvt) Ltd. Now, assume that the Pula is expected to depreciate to R1.50\nper Pula from the current level of R1.60 per Pula. This implies that the Pula cost of the imported part,\ni.e. B2B\u2019s printer cartridges, is P341 (=R512\/R1.50). Other variables, such as the unit sales volume and\nthe Botswana inflation rate remains the same as in Exhibit 2.\nRequired:\n(a) Compute the projected annual cash flow in Rands.\n"}]}

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