Answer to Question #101718 in Atomic and Nuclear Physics for Elizabeth Adewale

Question #101718
1 (a) With appropriate diagram(s), describe the X-ray circuit stating the functions of its components
(b) During a diagnostic x-ray examination a 1.5kg portion of a broken leg receives an equivalent dose of 0.55 mSv.
2(i). What is the equivalent dose in mrem?
(ii). What is the absorbed dose in mrad and mGy?
(iii). If the x-ray energy is 60 keV, how many x-ray photons are are absorbed
1
Expert's answer
2020-01-28T14:04:14-0500

1 (a)

X-ray is created by taking energy from electrons and converting it into photons with appropriate energies. This energy conversion takes place within the x-ray tube. In this way, an x-ray tube is an energy converter.




2(i). What is the equivalent dose in mrem?

1 rem= 0.010 Sv

X mrem =0.55 mSv

55 mrem

Answer

55 mrem


2(ii). What is the absorbed dose in mrad and mGy?

The equivalent dose H is given by formula

"H=D\\times {Q} (1)"

Where D is the absorbed dose, Q is quality factor

For x-ray: Q=1

In our case, we have H=0.55 mSv

Using (1) we get

D=0.55 mGy

1 rad=0.010 Gy

D= 55 mrad

Answer

0.55 mGy, 55 mrad


(iii). If the x-ray energy is 60 keV, how many x-ray photons are are absorbed

The absorbed dose D is given by formula

"D=\\frac{E}{m} (2)"

Where E is the energy, m is the mass

In our case, we have D=0.55 mGy, m=1.5 kg

Using (2) we get

E=0.825×10-3 J

The energy of x-photon is equal to

W=60×103×1.6×10-19=96×10-16 J

The number of photons is equal to

"\\frac{E}{W}" = 8.59×1010

Answer

8.59×1010

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