Answer to Question #350738 in Organic Chemistry for tenyears

Question #350738

In an experiment, 0.791 g of acetone reacts with 1.044 g of benzaldehyde to produce experimental 1.00 g of dibenzalacetone. Calculate the theoretical and percentage yield.


1
Expert's answer
2022-06-15T16:33:03-0400

Given:

m(acetone)= 0.791 g

m(benzaldehyde) = 1.044 g

m(dibenzalacetone exp.) = 1.00 g

Find:

theoretical yield -?

percentage yield -?

Solution:

The mentioned reaction between acetone and benzaldehyde:



The same reaction just with molecular formulas:


C3H6O (acetone) + 2C₇H₆O (benzaldehyde) "\\to" C17H14O (dibenzalacetone)


M(C3H6O) = 58.08 g/mol

M(C₇H₆O) = 106.12 g/mol

M(C17H14O) = 234.29 g/mol


How many moles of reagents were used for the reaction?:


n(C3H6O) = m(C3H6O)/M(C3H6O) = 0.791 g/58.08 g/mol = 0.01362 mol

n(C₇H₆O) = m(C₇H₆O)/M(C₇H₆O) = 1.044g/106.12 g/mol = 0.009838 mol


According to the reaction for 1 mole of acetone, it is needed 2 moles of benzaldehyde.

In our case 0.01362 mol x 2 = 0.02724 mol that is much more than 0.009838. Therefore here there is the excess acetone and we have to use n(C₇H₆O) = 0.009838 mol for further calculations.


n(C17H14O theoretical) = 0.5 n(C₇H₆O) = 0.5 x 0.009838 mol = 0.004919 mol

theoretical yield = m(C17H14O theoretical) = n(C17H14O theoretical) x M(C17H14O) =

0.004919 mol x 234.29 g/mol = 1.152 g

percentage yield = "\\eta"(C17H14O) = [m(dibenzalacetone exp.)/m(C17H14O theoretical)]x100% =

[1.00 g/1.152 g] x 100% = 86.8%


Answer: theoretical yield = 1.152 g, percentage yield = 86.8%.



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